1631 Mount Vesuvius, Italy erupts, destroys 6 villages & kills 4,000

1653 Oliver Cromwell became lord protector of England, Scotland & Ireland

1653 Oliver Cromwell is named lord protector of England, Scotland and Ireland.

1689 English Parliament adopts Bill of Rights after Glorious Revolution

1770 Ludwig Van Beethoven was born on Dec. 16, 1770 (baptized on Dec. 17, 1770)

1773 Big tea party in Boston harbor-Indians welcome

1773 The Boston Tea Party occurs when American colonists board a British ship and dump overboard more than 300 chests of tea to protest high taxes.

1809 Napoleon Bonaparte and the Empress Josephine are divorced by an act of the French Senate.

1811 Most violent & prolonged quakes in US begins in Midwest region

1838 Boers beat Zulu chieftain Dingaan in South Africa

1838 The Boers defeat the Zulus in South Africa.

1852 The Evening Star newspaper begins publication in Washington, DC.

1857 Earthquake in Naples, Italy

1862 Kingdom of Nepal accepts its constitution

1864 Battle of Nashville

1870 The Cape Hatteras Lighthouse is lit for the first time.

1897 The first submarine with an internal combustion engine demonstrated

1903 Majestic Theater, New York NY, becomes first in US to employ women ushers

1905 "Variety," covering all phases of show business, first published

1907 Great White Fleet sails from Hampton Downs on its World Cruise

1909 US pressure forces Nicaraguan President Jose Santos Zelaya from office

1912 The first US postage stamp picturing an airplane, $0.20 parcel post, issued

1916 Gregory Rasputin, a monk with considerable influence over the Russian court, is murdered by noblemen.

1920 Over 180,000 die when earthquake destroys 15,000 miles (Kansu China)

1922 Florence E. Allen becomes the first woman justice of a state supreme court (Ohio).

1922 Gabriel Narutowicz first President of Polish Republic assassinated

1929 The first NHL game at Chicago Stadium (Black Hawks)

1941 Sarawak occupied by the Japanese

1943 "Tamiami Champion" trains collide, kills 73 & injures 200

1944 Battle of the Bulge begins in Belgium

1944 Germans begin Battle of the Bulge to strike back at U.S. troops.

1944 The Battle of the Bulge begins in WWII as Germany launches a surprise counter-attack against Allied forces in Belgium.

1946 Thailand joins the United Nations.

1949 Swedish Carmaker DebutsA Swedish company by the name of Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget produced its first motorcar. In 1965 the concern changed its name to Saab Aktiebolag, and a few years later simply to Saab. The first Saab automobiles were engineered with the precision of fighter planes--the company's other main product.

1950 Truman proclaims state of emergency against "Communist imperialism"

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