1130 Pope Honorius II dies this day and Gregorio Papareschi is elected to succeed him as Innocent II, but Cardinal Pierleone is elected as an antipope, and Innocent flees to France
1349 Jews are expelled from Burgsordf Switzerland
1510 Charles of Gelre conquerors Oldenzaal
1542 Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of England's King Henry VIII, is beheaded for adultery.
1545 Willem of Nassau becomes prince of Orange
1566 St Augustine FL founded
1566 St. Augustine, Florida is founded.
1601 John Lancaster leads 1st East India Company voyage from London
1633 Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei arrived in Rome for trial before Inquisition for professing belief that earth revolves around the Sun
1635 America's first public school was established - the Boston Latin School
1635 Oldest US public institution, Boston Latin School founded
1635 The first public school in America opens in Boston, Massachusetts.
1641 The Iroquois Confederacy of the Long House formally declares war against New France; still resent Champlain's treaty with the Hurons and Algonquins
1651 Flemish missionary Joris van Geel departs to Congo
1668 Spain recognizes Portugal as an independent country.
1668 Treaty of Lisbon Spain recognizes Portugal
1678 Tycho Brahe 1st sketches "Tychonic system" of solar system
1689 British Parliament adopts Bill of Rights
1692 MacDonald clan murdered on orders of King William III
1692 Under orders from King William a Royalist force, under the command of Captain Robert Campbell of Glenlyon, carried out the Massacre of Glencoe which resulted in the death of 38 MacIan MacDonalds.
1693 College of William &Mary opens
1706 Battle at Fraustadt Swedish army beats Russia/Saksen
1741 Andrew Bedford publishes 1st American magazine (The American Magazine)
1755 Rebel leader Mangkubuni signs Treaty of Gianti Java
1759 In Halifax Nova Scotia the first use of secret ballot in Canada in Nova Scotia Assembly; first legislature in British territory to permit secret voting
