1527 Florence becomes a republic
1532 Sir Thomas More resigns as English Lord Chancellor
1547 Protestant German monarch surrenders to Karel in Wittenberg
1568 Mary Queen of Scotland flees to England
1571 Johannes Kepler, by his own calculations, is conceived at 4 37 AM
1584 7 Westfriese towns divide monasteries of Egmond/Blokker/St-Pietersdal
1605 Camillo Borghese elected to succeed Pope Leo XI becomes Paul V
1606 2,000 foreigners murdered in Russia
1648 Battle at Zólty Wody Bohdan Chmielricki's cosacks beat John Casimir
1747 Prince Willem V sworn in as Admiral-General of Netherlands
1763 Samuel Johnson meets his future biographer James Boswell in London
1770 Marie Antoinette (age 14) marries the future King Louis VI of France (age 15)
1791 Near Moodus, Connecticut, the largest historical earthquake in Connecticut occurred
1792 Denmark abolishes slave trade
1795 Hedges Treaty Bataafse Republic becomes French vassel state
1796 Lombardije Republic forms
1803 Britain and France renew war, the French complete their occupation of Hanover, and they threaten to invade England from Boulogne, where they begin to assemble an invasion fleet
1803 Peace of Amiens ends
1804 Senate & Tribune declare Napolean leader of France
1811 Peninsular War-Allies defeat French at Albuera
1860 Republican convention (Chicago) selects Abraham Lincoln candidate
1861 Confederate Government offers war volunteers $10 premium
1861 Kentucky proclaims its neutrality
1862 Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir builds first automobile
1863 Battle of Champion's Hill MS-bloodiest action of Vicksburg Campaign
