1556 Russian treasure ship Edward Bonaventure, carrying Ivan the Terrible's ambassador to Elizabeth 1 of England, was wrecked off Rosehearty, Aberdeenshire
1674 Dutch formally cede New Netherlands (NY) to English
1775 The United States Marines are organized.
1801 Kentucky outlaws dueling
1808 Osage Treaty signed
1836 Louis Napoleon banished to America
1864 Austrian Archduke Maximilian became emperor of Mexico
1871 Explorer and journalist Henry M. Stanley locates missing Scottish missionary David Livingstone in central Africa "Doctor Livingstone, I presume?"
1871 Stanley presumes to meet Livingston in Ujiji, Central Africa
1898 Race riot in Wilmington NC (8 blacks killed)
1917 41 suffragists are arrested in front of the White House
1918 Independence of Poland proclaimed by Jozef Pilsudski
1919 American Legion's first national convention (Minneapolis)
1919 The first national convention of the American Legion is held in Minneapolis, MN.
1919 The first observance of National Book Week
1926 Vincent Massey becomes first Canadian minister to USA
1928 Hirohito enthroned as Emperor of Japan
1943 The U.S. State Department demolishes FDR's plan to set up refugee camps in North Africa and Southern Europe.
1945 General Enver Hoxha becomes leader of Albania
1950 Jacobo Arbenz Guzm n elected President of Guatemala
1951 Direct long-distance dialing between the east and west coasts of the U.S. begins today with a call between the mayors of Englewood, NJ and Alameda, CA.
1951 The first long distance telephone call without operator assistance
1954 Iwo Jima Memorial (servicemen raising US flag) dedicated in Arlington
1954 Lt Col John Strapp travels 632 MPH in a rocket sled
1955 A Sikorsky HR2S helicopter, at Windsor Locks, Conn., carried 13,250 pounds to over 7,000 feet
