0867 St Nicholas I ends his reign as Catholic Pope

1002 English king Ethelred II launches massacre of Danish settlers

1093 Scotland's Malcolm III MacDuncan and his eldest son Edward are entrapped and killed November 13 at a place that will be called Malcolm's Cross Malcolm has been laying siege to Alnwick in an invasion of England, his wife Margaret dies 4 days later, and he is succeeded by his brother Donald Bane, who will reign until 1097

1460 Henry the Navigator prince of Portugal, dies at 66

1775 American Revolutionary forces capture Montreal

1789 Ben Franklin writes "Nothing . . . certain but death &taxes"

1839 The first US anti-slavery party, Liberty Party, convenes in NY

1843 Mt Rainier in Washington State erupts

1849 Peter Burnett elected 1st governor of California

1854 "New Era" sinks off NJ coast with loss of 300

1854 The ship "New Era" sinks off NJ coast with loss of 300

1865 PT Barnum's New American museum opens in Bridgeport

1865 US issues 1st gold certificates

1868 American Philological Association organized in NY

1868 Gioacchino (Antonio) Rossini composer (Barber of Seville), dies at 76

1875 National Bowling Association organized in NYC

1895 The first shipment of canned pineapple from Hawaii

1907 French cyclist Paul Cornu flies a twin rotor helicopter

1909 259 miners die in a fire at St Paul Mine at Cherry Ill

1921 "The Sheik," starring Rudolph Valentino, is released

1921 US, France, Japan &British Empire sign a Pacific Treaty

1927 NY-NJ Holland Tunnel, first twin-tube underwater auto tunnel, opens

1931 Hattie Caraway (D-AK) appointed 1st US woman senator

1933 The first modern sit-down strike, Hormel meat packers, Austin, MN

1937 NBC forms 1st full-sized symphony orchestra exclusively for radio

1940 Walt Disney's"Fantasia" released

1941 British aircraft carrier "Ark Royal" sank in Mediterranean

1942 Minimum draft age lowered from 21 to 18

1946 The first artificial snow produced from a natural cloud, Mt Greylock, MA

1955 The first live telecast from non-contiguous foreign country-Havana Cuba

1956 Supreme Court strikes down segregation of races on public buses

1960 Fire in movie theater kills 152 children (Amude Spain)

1960 Sammy Davis Jr marries Swedish actress May Britt

1961 Wally Brown actor (Jed Fame-Cimarron City), dies at 57

1965 The cruise ship "Yarmouth Castle" burns and sinks off Bahamas, killing 89

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