0031 -BC- Battle of Actium; Octavian defeats Antony, becomes Emp Augustus
0490 -BC- Phidippides runs 1st marathon, seeking aid from Sparta vs Persia
1666 Great Fire of London destroys St Paul's Church
1752 Last day of Julian calendar in Britain, British colonies
1789 The US Treasury Department is established.
1806 A side of Rossberg Peak collapses into Goldau Valley Switz, kills 500
1859 Gas lighting introduced to Hawaii
1864 Union General William T Sherman captures Atlanta
1897 The first issue of McCall's magazine goes on sale at newsstands.
1898 Lord Kitchener retakes Sudan for Britain
1901 US Vice President Theodore Roosevelt makes his famous "Speak softly and carry a big stick" speech at the Minnesota State Fair.
1901 VP Theodore Roosevelt advises, "Speak softly &carry a big stick"
1918 Australians attack and seize Mont St Quentin, France
1918 Capt. Bellenden S. Hutcheson (cdn. Army Medical Corp.) wins the Victoria Cross at Drocourt-Quèant, France
1918 Lance-Cpl. William H. Metcalf (16th Cdn. Infantry Corp.) wins the Victoria Cross at Arras, France
1918 Lt.-Colonel Cyrus Wesley Peck (16th Cdn. Infantry Corp.) wins the Victoria Cross at Arras, France
1918 Prv. John Francis Young (87th Cdn. Infantry Batt.) wins the Victoria Cross at Arras, France
1918 Prv. Walter Leigh Rayfield (7th Cdn. Infantry Batt.) wins the Victoria Cross at Arras, France
1918 Sgt. Arthur G. Knight (10th Cdn. Infantry Batt.) wins the Victoria Cross at Villers-lez-Cagnicourt, France
1919 Communist Party of America organized in Chicago
1921 First Miss America contest held in Atlantic City, has 8 entries.
1924 Rudolf Friml's "Rose Marie" opens to rave reviews in NYC
1927 Rumour starts that Yankee Lou Gehrig will be traded to Tigers
1930 The first nonstop airplane flight from Europe to the US is completed as the plane Question Mark lands at Valley Stream, NY.
1935 A hurricane slams the Florida Keys killing 423
