Mar 31 Colonel John W Geary arrives as first postmaster of San Francisco

Mar 03 Territory of Minnesota is organized

Mar 27 Joseph Couch patents steam-powered percussion rock drill

Mar 03 US Department of the Interior established by Congress

Mar 12 The first gold seekers arrive in Nicaragua en route to California

Mar 05 Zachary Taylor is sworn in as US president.

Mar 03 Gold Coinage Act authorizes $20 Double Eagle gold coin

Mar 28 Dutch princess Marianne & Prince Albert of Prussia separate

Mar 10 Abraham Lincoln applies for a patent; only US President to do so

Mar 23 Battle of Novara (King Charles Albert vs Italian republic)

Mar 29 Britain formally annexes the Punjab after the defeat of the Sikhs in India

Aug 09 Hungarian Republic crushed by Austria & Russia

Sep 01 California Constitutional Convention held in Monterey

Sep 10 Edwin Booth, later to assassinate president Abraham Lincoln, makes his acting debut.

Sep 19 First commercial laundry established, in Oakland, California

Sep 29 First passenger train service to Peekskill NY (New Haven Railroad)

Sep 03 Calif State Constitutional Convention convenes in Monterey

Sep 13 The first US prize fight fatality (Tom McCoy)

Feb 04 University of Wisconsin begins in 1 room with 20 students

Feb 18 First regular steamboat service to San Francisco CA starts gold rush prospectors from east coast

Feb 09 Roman Republic declared

Feb 28 The first gold-seekers arrived in San Francisco, aboard the ship California.

Feb 18 First regular steamboat service to San Francisco CA starts: gold rush prospectors from east coast

Apr 12 A De Gasparis discovers asteroid #10 Hygiea

Apr 16 M DeGasparis discovers the 10th asteroid, Hygeia [or 0412]

Apr 13 Hungarian Republic proclaimed

Apr 13 Hungarian Republic proclaimed

Apr 16 The opera "Il Profeta" is produced (Paris)

Apr 10 Safety pin patented by Walter Hunt (NYC) sold rights for $100

Apr 10 Safety pin patented in the United States

Nov 24 The Father of the Tractor John Froelich, the inventor of the first gasoline-powered farm tractor, was born in Froelich, Iowa. Froelich's tractor, completed in 1892, featured a Van Duzen one-cylinder gasoline engine mounted on wooden beams to operate a threshing machine

Nov 24 The birth of Frances Burnett, British novelist

Nov 13 Peter Burnett elected 1st governor of California

Dec 22 Writer (Crime and Punishmen)Fyodor Dostoevsky is led before a firing squad and prepared for execution. He had been convicted and sentenced to death on November 16 for allegedly taking part in reprieved and sent into exile.

Dec 28 M Jolly-Bellin discovers dry-cleaning, he accidentally upset lamp containing turpentine & oil on his clothing & sees cleaning effect

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