0768 Stephen III begins his reign as Catholic Pope

1498 Columbus arrives in Caribbean

1620 Kepler's mother arrested for witchcraft

1782 Badge of US Military Merit (Purple Heart) established by George Washington

1789 US War Department established

1882 Hatfields of south WV & McCoys of east Ky feud, 100 wounded. Many dead.

1888 Patent for revolving door granted

1912 Progressive (Bull Moose) Party nominates Theodore Roosevelt for pres

1915 Charge of Australian Light Horse Brigade at the Nek, Gallipoli

1915 Crpl. Cyril Royston Guyton BASSETT, NZ Divisional Signals, NZ Engineers won the Victoria Cross at Chunuk Bair, on the Gallipoli Peninsula

1938 2 die in a New York subway accident

1940 Largest amount paid for a stamp ($45,000 for an 1856 British Guiana)

1941 551 Jews are shot in Kishnev ghetto in Romania

1944 German counterattacks at Avranches "bottleneck." Allies successfully defend advances and continue to sweep Brittany.

1946 First coin bearing portrait of Negro authorized

1947 Balsa raft Kon Tiki crashes into a Polynesian archipelago reef

1950 Cabinet decides to recruit and create a special Canadian armed force of 5,000 men for service with United Nations in Korea.

1951 Douglas D-558-II Skyrocket reaches 1,992 kph

1953 Eastern Airlines enters the jet age, uses Electra prop-jet

1959 Explorer 6 transmits first TV photo of Earth from space

1960 Ivory Coast gains independence from France

1960 Students stage kneel-in demonstrations in Atlanta churches

1961 Russian Cosmonaut Gherman Titov circles Earth for a full day in Vostok 2

1970 4 killed in courthouse shootout in San Rafael, Calif

1970 First computer chess tournament

1971 Apollo 15 returns to Earth

1974 Philippe Petit walks tightrope strung between the twin towers of the World Trade Center

1976 Scientists in Pasadena, Calif, announce Viking I found strongest indications to date of possible life on Mars

1976 US Viking 2 goes into Martian orbit after 11-month flight from Earth

1978 Thousands of mourners file past the body of Pope Paul VI

1979 The first day of trading in British Columbia Resources Investment Corporation (BCRIC) shares, everyone in the province got 5 shares from the government

1983 675,000 employees strike AT&T

1983 First World Track & Field Championships

1987 5 Central American presidents sign peace accord in Guatemala

1987 Lynne Cox swims 4.3 km from US to USSR in 39o F (4o C) Bering Sea

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