1541 Jacques Cartier 1491-1557 arrives at Iroquois village of Stadacona on his third trip to Canada; starts to build Charlesbourg-Royale at western tip of Cape Diamond; first French fort in Canada; first French settlement in America.

1577 Frobisher Bay NWT, Martin Frobisher c1539-1594 kidnaps three Inuit, then sets sail for England.

1617 First one-way streets established (London)

1797 Emanuel Allen sold at public auction in Montreal; last slave transaction in Canada.

1838 Mt Holyoke Female Seminary (South Hadley, Mass) first graduating class

1839 Hong Kong is taken by British in war with China.

1850 In the Lancaster Sound NWT, HMS Assistance and HMS Intrepid find first trace of lost Franklin expedition in Lancaster Sound, at Cape Riley and Beechey Island.

1864 Fall of Fort Morgan at Mobile

1866 Treaty of Prague ends Austro-Prussian war

1869 The first carload of freight (boots & shoes) arrives in SF, from Boston

1872 The first Japanese commercial ship visits SF, carrying tea

1889 The first ship-to-shore wireless message received in US (SF)

1900 National Negro Business League organizes (Boston)

1904 Automobile tire chain patented

1914 Japan declares war on Germany during WWI.

1917 Ontario cabinet passes order-in-council allowing the city of Berlin to change its name to Kitchener, effective Sept. 1; due to wartime anti-German sentiment.

1917 Race riot in Houston Texas (2 blacks & 11 whites killed)

1919 "Gasoline Alley" cartoon strip premiers in Chicago Tribune

1924 Mars' closest approach to Earth since the 10th century

1926 Motion picture star Rudolph Valentino dies in New York at age 31.

1927 Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed in Boston for murdering two men during a 1920 robbery. (They were posthumously exhonerated in 1977.)

1939 Soviet-German pact is signed by Molotov and Ribbentrop.

1939 USSR & Germany sign a non-agression pact

1944 Romania liberated from Nazi occupation (National Day 1944-1990)

1947 Pres Truman's daughter, Margaret's first public singing concert

1948 World Council of Churches formed by 147 churches from 44 countries

1950 West Germany & Japan readmitted to Intl Amateur Athletic Federation

1953 Phil Grate sets record for throwing a baseball (443'3«")

1956 Soviet Bolshoi Ballet dancer Alexander Godunov defects to the U.S. during a performance in New York City.

1956 The first non-stop transcontinental helicopter flight begins.

1958 Marie Ashton completes playing piano a female record 133 hours

1960 World's largest frog (3.3 kg) caught (Equatorial Guinea)

1961 US lunar probe Ranger 1 reaches 190 km from Earth, falls back

1963 Beatles release "She Loves You" in the UK

1963 Ringo admits he wrote a song "Don't Pass Me By"

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