0410 Poland & Lithuania defeat Teutonic Knights at Tannenberg

1085 The Norman Robert Guiscard dies of fever at age 60 after regaining Corfu and Kephalonia, which his son Bohemund had lost

1099 Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders after a siege of just over one month The streets of the city run with blood as the Crusaders slaughter 40,000 and set fire to mosques and synagogues, and the First Crusade comes to an end

1662 Charles II grants charter to establish Royal Society in London

1815 Napoleon Bonaparte captured

1856 Natal established as a British colony separate from Cape Colony

1864 Troop train loaded with Confederate prisoners collided with a coal train killing 65 and injuring 109 of 955 aboard

1867 SF Merchant's Exchange opens

1869 Margarine is patented in Paris, for use by French Navy

1870 Georgia becomes last confederate state to be readmitted to US

1870 Hudson's Bay & Northwest Territories transferred to Canada

1870 Manitoba becomes 5th Canadian province & NW Territories created

1881 William "Billy the Kid" Bonney killed by Pat Garrett

1888 Bandai volcano (Japan) erupts for first time in 1,000 years

1890 A Charlois discovers asteroid #294 Felicia

1893 Commodore Perry arrives in Japan

1904 The first Buddhist temple in US established, Los Angeles

1911 46" of rain (begining 7/14) falls in Baguio, Phillipines

1912 British National Health Insurance Act goes into effect

1916 22.22" of rain falls in Altapass NC

1918 2nd Battle of Marne began during WW I

1920 Ruth ties his record of 29 HRs in a season

1922 The first duck-billed platypus publicly exhibited in US, at NY zoo

1929 The first airport hotel opens-Oakland Ca

1932 The Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway is opened throughout between North Bay and Moosonee, Ont. Construction was started on May 10, 1902. The name was subsequently changed to Ontario Northland Transportation.

1933 Wiley Post began first solo flight around the world

1937 Buchenwald concentration camp is opened.

1937 Japanese attack Marco Polo Bridge, invade China

1940 Robert Wadlow world's tallest man (8'11.1"), dies at 32

1940 Voluntary Defence Force (VDC), composed mainly of World War One veterans, formed by Returned Sailors' Soldiers' and Airmen's League of Australia for home defence

1941 Florey & Heatley present freeze dried mold cultures (Pencillin)

1942 First deportees sent to Auschwitz come from Germany and Holland.

1942 Sgt. Keith Elliott 22 NZ Battalion, won the Victoria Cross at

1944 Greenwich Observatory damaged by WW II flying bomb

1946 British North Borneo Co transfers rights to British crown

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