1461 Battle near Towton Field, 33,000 die (War of the Roses)

1638 First permanent white settlement in Delaware (Swedish Lutherans)

1673 English King Charles II accepts Test Act Roman Catholic excluded of public functions

1795 Beethoven (24) debuts as pianist in Vienna

1798 Republic of Switzerland forms

1801 Britain seizes Danish and Swedish islands in West Indies.

1804 Thousands of whites are massacred in Haiti following a declaration by Governor General Jean-Jacques Dessalines.

1808 Williamstown Ontario John Johnson 1742-1830 gives patent and grants 12 acres of land for Williamstown Fair; oldest continuously operating farm fair in Ontario.

1814 Battle at Horseshoe Bend AL Andrew Jackson beats Creek-Indians

1847 12,000 US troops capture Vera Cruz, Mexico

1848 At about 5 am, the Niagara Falls stops flowing for 30 hours due to an ice jam on Lake Erie at the entrance to the River; only time in recorded history

1848 Niagara Falls stops flowing for 30 hours due to an ice jam

1849 Britain formally annexes the Punjab after the defeat of the Sikhs in India

1850 Ireland's SS Royal Adelaide sinks in storm; 200 die

1852 Ohio makes it illegal for children under 18 & women to work more than 10 hours a day

1864 Great Britain gives Isotope Islands back to Greece

1864 Union General Steeles troops reach Arkadelphia AR

1865 Appomattox campaign, Virginia, 7582 killed

1865 Battle of Quaker Road, Virginia

1867 British North America Act (Canadian constitution) is passed

1867 Congress approves Lincoln Memorial

1868 Ka'u District, Hawaii a 7.0 earthquake, the foreshock of the 7.9 earthquake on April 03, 1868.

1871 Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria in London

1882 Knights of Columbus chartered for Catholic men

1886 Chemist John Pemberton begins to advertise for Coca-Cola (with cocaine)

1897 Japan adopts Gold Standard

1906 In Winnipeg Manitoba, street railway employees riot during two-day strike.

1912 Captain Robert Scott, blizzard-bound in a tent 18 km from the South Pole, makes last entry in his diary "the end cannot be far"

1927 Henry O D Segrave races his Sunbeam to a record 203.79 mph at Daytona; first auto to exceed 200 mph (322 kph)

1932 Jack Benny debuts on radio

1934 Bank of Travail in Belgium, socialist worker's movement bankrupt

1935 French liner Normandie begins its maiden voyage

1936 10,000 watch the 200" mirror blank passing through Indianapolis

1936 Nazi propaganda claims 99% of Germans voted for Nazi candidates

1940 Joe Louis KOs Johnny Paycheck in 2 to retain heavyweight boxing title

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