0197 Lucius Septimius Severus' army beats Clodius Albinus at Lyon

0356 Emperor Constantius II shuts all heathen temples

0607 Boniface III begins his reign as Catholic Pope

0842 Medieval Iconoclastic Controversy ends as a council in Constantinople formally reinstated the veneration of icons in the churches

1512 French troops under Gaston de Foix occupy Brescia

1537 Weavers of Leiden Netherlands strike

1574 Spanish troops plunder Krommenie, Wormerveer &Jisp Netherlands

1582 Francis of Valois becomes duke of Brabant

1619 Trial against Johan van Oldenbarnevelt begins in The Hague

1634 Battle at Smolensk Polish king Wladyslaw IV beats Russians

1674 Netherlands &England sign Peace of Westminster (NYC becomes English)

1700 Last day of the Julian calendar in Denmark

1803 Congress accepts Ohio's constitution, statehood not ratified till 1953

1807 British squadron under Admiral Duckworth forces passage of Dardanelles

1807 Vice President Aaron Burr arrested in Alabama for treason; later found innocent

1846 Texas state government formally installed in Austin

1856 Tin-type camera patented by Hamilton Smith, Gambier OH

1859 Dan Sickles is acquitted of murder on grounds of temporary insanity first time this defense is successfully used

1861 Russian Tsar Alexander II abolishes serfdom

1864 Knights of Pythias form first lodge in Washington DC (12 members)

1869 US Assay Office in Boise ID authorized

1878 Thomas Edison receives a patent for his cylinder-playing music player (forerunner of the "modern day" phonograph).

1881 Kansas becomes first state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages

1884 Tornadoes in Mississippi, Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky &Indiana kill 800 people

1900 British troops occupy Hlangwane Natal

1906 W K Kellogg &Charles D Bolin incorporate Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company, Battle Creek MI

1913 Mexican General V Huerta takes power with US support

1913 Prizes are prize inserted into a Cracker Jack box

1915 British fleet fire on Dardanellen coast

1919 Pan-African Congress, organized by W E B Du Bois (Paris)

1920 Netherlands joins League of Nations

1927 General strike against British occupiers in Shanghai

1928 2nd Winter Olympics games close at St Moritz, Switzerland

1928 Canadian hockey team wins 3rd consecutive gold medal

1933 Prussian minister Göring bans all Catholic newspapers

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