1559 Elizabeth the First is crowned Queen of England in Westminster Abbey.

1582 Russia cedes Livonia & Estonia to Poland, loses access to the Baltic

1586 Battle at Boxum Spanish troops under Tassis beat state army

1680 French explorer Sieur de la Salle builds Fort Crèvecoeur

1752 Tobias Smollett publishes pamphlet accusing Fielding of plagiarism

1754 Riot at burial of doelist Daniel Raap in Amsterdam

1759 British Museum opens in Montague House, London

1762 Fraunces Tavern opens in New York City NY

1777 People of New Connecticut (Vermont) declare independence from England

1780 Continental Congress establishes court of appeals

1785 Mozarts string quartet opus 10 premieres

1797 The first top hat worn (John Etherington of London)

1844 The University of Notre Dame is founded

1844 U of Notre Dame receives its charter in Indiana

1847 The first Swedish magazine in US, Skandinavia, published in New York City NY

1851 General Arista replaces Mexican President Herrera

1857 The first first-class game in Sydney, New South Wales vs Victoria at The Domain

1861 Steam elevator patented by Elisha Otis

1863 The first US newspaper printed on wood-pulp paper, Boston Morning Journal

1865 Fort Fisher, NC falls to Union troops

1866 Bedrich Smetana's opera "Branibori vs Cechach," premieres in Prague

1870 Cartoonist Thomas Nast originates the donkey as a symbol to identify the Democratic party in a political cartoon appearing in Harper's Weekly.

1870 Donkey first used as symbol of Democratic Party, in Harper's Weekly

1877 US Assay Office in Helena, Montana opens

1882 The First US ski club forms (Berlin NH)

1886 Weekly Herald, first Vancouver, BC newspaper, publishes first issue

1892 Dr. James Naismith publishes, for the first time, the thirteen rules of basketball the game he invented the previous winter, in Springfield, Massachusetts.

1895 Albert Trott takes 8-43 on Test debut, then a record

1895 French fleet reaches Majunga, Madagascar

1907 3-element vacuum tube patented by Dr Lee de Forest

1907 Gold dental inlays first described by William Taggart, who invented them

1908 C Hill & R J Hartigan make 8th wicket partnership 243 for Australia

1913 Telephone service begins between New York and Berlin.

1915 Japan claims economic control of China

1919 2 million gallons of molasses spill in a tidal wave that drowns 21 in Boston MA

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