1236 English king Henry III marries Eleonora of Provence

1526 Charles V & Francis I sign Treaty of Madrid; Francis I forced to give up claims in Burgundy, Italy & Flanders

1601 Church authorities burn Hebrew books in Rome

1639 Rodger Ludlow publishes"Fundamental Orders of Connecticut"

1641 United East Indian Company conquerors city of Malakka, 7,000 killed

1659 Battle at Elvas Portuguese beat Spanish

1690 Clarinet is invented, in Nüremberg, Germany

1699 Massachusetts holds day of fasting for wrongly persecuting "witches"

1717 German mob leader "Sjako" sentenced to death in Amsterdam

1724 Spanish King Philip V abdicates throne

1739 England & Spain signs 2nd Convention of Pardo

1742 English astronomer Edmond Halley, discoverer of the comet now named after him, dies at age 85.

1746 Bonnie Prince Charlie's army leaves Glasgow

1783 Congress ratifies peace treaty between US & England

1784 Revolutionary War ends; Congress ratifies the Treaty of Paris

1784 The Revolutionary War officially ends as the U.S. and England ratify their peace treaty.

1794 Dr Jessee Bennet of Edom VA, performs first successful Cesarean section operation on his wife

1799 Eli Whitney receives government contract for 10,000 muskets

1799 King of Naples flees before the advancing French armies

1813 Gideon Hawley becomes first state school superintendent in US (NY)

1813 US Frigate Chesapeake captures British brig Hero

1814 King of Denmark cedes Norway to King of Sweden by treaty of Kiel

1815 HMS Endymion, Tenedos and Pomone capture USS President

1847 Conspiracy in New Mexico against US

1858 French Emperor Napoleon III escapes attempt on his life by Felice Orsini, an Italian patriot who was later executed

1858 Several people are killed when Italian revolutionary Felice Orsini throws bombs at Napoleon III in Paris in a failed assassination attempt.

1861 Fort Pikens FL falls into state hands

1863 Battle between gunboats at Bayou Teched LA

1864 Battle of Cosby Creek TN

1864 General Sherman begins his march to the South

1868 North Carolina constitutional convention meets in Raleigh

1868 South Carolina constitutional convention, meets with a black majority

1873 "Celluloid" registered as a trademark

1878 The first private connection by telephone in Great Britain is made on the Isle of Wight when Queen Victoria speaks to Thomas Biddulph.

1878 US Supreme court rules race separation on trains unconstitutional

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