1574 Sea battle of Reimerswaal - Admiral Boisot beats Spanish fleet

1587 Deventer &Zutphen surrender to Spain

1613 Galileo observes Neptune but fails to recognize what he sees

1676 Fjodor Aleksejevitsj becomes czar of Russia

1732 Paris churchyard Saint-Médard closed after Jansenistic ritual

1788 Australia Day

1796 In Toronto, Yonge Street officially opened, running from the town of York up to Lake Simcoe

1802 John Beckley of Virginia appointed first Librarian of Congress

1839 Charles Darwin marries Emma Wedgwood

1845 Edgar Allen Poe's "The Raven" first published (New York City NY)

1845 The Raven, Edgar Allan Poe's first poem, is published.

1848 Sicily accepts new Constitution (choose parliament/freedom of press)

1850 Henry Clay introduces a comprise bill on slavery to US Senate

1856 Victoria Cross established to acknowledge bravery by the British Government

1860 American College established in Rome by Pope Pius IX

1861 Kansas becomes the 34th state of the Union.

1863 Battle at Bear River WA US Army vs Indians

1864 Battle of Moorefield WV (Rosser's Raid)

1872 Francis L Cardoza elected State Treasurer of South Carolina

1879 Custer Battlefield National Monument, Montana established

1886 The first successful gasoline-driven car patented, Karl Benz, Karlsruhe

1895 King Koko's Kopermannen assault on Akassa Niger, 100's killed

1896 Emile Grubbe is first doctor to use radiation treatment for breast cancer

1897 Ishbel, Lady Aberdeen, wife of the Governor General, helps found the Victorian Order of Nurses at the request of the National Council of Women

1900 Boers under Joubert beat English at Spionkop Natal, 2,000 killed

1900 Queen Victoria gives assent July 9 to the Commonwealth of Australia Bill,

1900 The American Baseball League, composed of eight teams, is organized in Philadelphia.

1903 Dutch railroad workers strike

1912 Martial law declared in textile strike in Lawrence MA

1913 Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, at Howard University, incorporates

1914 U.S. Marines land in Haiti to protect U.S. consulate

1916 The first bombings of Paris by German Zeppelins takes place

1917 English submarine K13 leaves Gaire Loch

1919 Secretary of state proclaims the 18th amendment (prohibition)

1920 Walt Disney starts first job as an artist; $40 week with Kansas City Slide Co

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