0451 Council of Chalcedon (4th ecumenical council) opens
1275 Scottish forces put down a Manx rebellion in the Battle of Ronaldsway, Isle of Man
1604 The supernova called "Kepler's nova" is First sighted
1775 Officers decide to bar slaves and free blacks from Continental Army
1818 2 English boxers are the first to use padded gloves
1822 First eruption of Galunggung (Java) sends boiling sludge into valley
1840 First Hawaiian constitution proclaimed
1860 Telegraph line between LA and SF opens
1862 Battle of Perryville, KY-Confederate invasion halted
1865 Earthquake in Santa Cruz Mountains
1871 Great Fire kills 200, destroys over 4ımiles (10 kmı) of Chicago buildings, and original Emancipation Proclamation
1886 Start of the Sherlock Holmes adventure "The Noble Bachelor" (BG)
1896 Dow Jones starts reporting an average of industrial stocks
1912 First Balkan War begins
1916 Piper James C. Richardson (16th Cdn. Infanctry Batt.) winds the Victoria Cross at the Somme, France
1918 Capt. Coulson Norman Mitchell (4th Cdn. Infantry Batt.) wins the Victoria Cross at Cambrai, France
1918 Sgt Alvin York single-handedly kills 25, captures 132 Germans
1919 The first transcontinental air race in the United States begins.
1934 Bruno Hauptmann is indicted for murder of Lindbergh's son
1935 Ozzie Nelson marries Harriet Hilliard (Ozzie and Harriet)
1939 Germany annexes Western Poland
1944 "Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet" debut on CBS radio
1945 Truman announced atomic bomb secret shared with Britain and Canada
1952 2 trains collide with a derailed commuter train, kills 112 (England)
1955 Worlds most powerful aircraft carrier, Saratoga (US), launched
